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How to Mount and Manage Disk Partitions in Linux

Linux provides powerful tools for managing disk partitions, allowing users to create, format, mount, and unmount partitions as needed. Understanding these basics is essential for efficient disk management. This guide will walk you through mounting and managing disk partitions in Linux.

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1. Listing Available Disks and Partitions

Before mounting a partition, you need to identify it. Use the following commands:

• List all disks and partitions:
  
  

  lsblk
  

• View detailed information about a disk:
  
  

  sudo fdisk -l
  

• Check partition UUIDs:
  
  

  blkid
  

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2. Mounting a Partition

To mount a partition, follow these steps:

1. Create a Mount Point:
   
   

   sudo mkdir -p /mnt/mydrive
   

2. Mount the Partition:
   
   

   sudo mount /dev/sdXn /mnt/mydrive
   

   Replace /dev/sdXn with the actual partition name (e.g., /dev/sdb1).

3. Verify the Mounting:

   df -h
   

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3. Automounting Partitions at Boot

To ensure a partition mounts automatically at boot, add it to /etc/fstab.

1. Get the UUID of the partition:
   

   blkid
   

2. Open /etc/fstab for editing:

   sudo nano /etc/fstab
   

3. Add a new entry in this format:
   

   UUID=your-uuid /mnt/mydrive ext4 defaults 0 2
   

   Replace your-uuid with the actual UUID and adjust the filesystem type if necessary.

4. Apply the changes without rebooting:

   sudo mount -a
   

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4. Unmounting a Partition

To unmount a partition:

sudo umount /mnt/mydrive

If the partition is busy, you may force unmount:

sudo umount -l /mnt/mydrive

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5. Formatting a Partition

To format a partition, choose a filesystem type:

• Format as ext4:
  
  

  sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdXn
  

• Format as NTFS (for Windows compatibility):

  sudo mkfs.ntfs /dev/sdXn
  

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